LISTS.EXE

• Primary skills
• Start
  • Full Screen Mode
  • DosBox
• Fonts Menu
• Error
• Initial Index Creation
• 1 Lessons
  • Lessons 1..5
  • Lesson 6
  • Lesson 7
  • Lesson 8
  • Lesson 9
  • Lesson 10
  • Scores:
• Main Menu
  • Lessons
  • Text Editor
  • Games
  • Word List
  • Exit
• Text Editor
  • Function keys
  • Menu
    • 1.1 Language
    • 1.3 Margins
    • 1.5 Carriage return
    • 1.6 Justify
    • 1.7 Combine lines
  • 2 Preferences
  • 3 Upper & Lower help
  • 5 Selected text
    • 5.6 Practice typing
    • 5.7 Find and Select
  • Load Document
  • Save Document
  • Encoding & Charsets
  • Encoding
• Games
  • Coinciding Letters
  • Transliterate
  • Stare only
  • Coinciding words
  • Spelling
  • Coinciding many words
  • Score
  • Configuration
• Word List
  • Move
  • Search
  • Modify
  • Menu
  • Selection
  • Editing Hebrew, English and Spanish
  • Transliteration Menu
  • Data Bank

INTRODUCTION

Whereas the wonderfully fortunate children born in Israel to Jewish families get to learn Hebrew as their first language from mom and dad, friends, neighbors and TV, with current technology it is possible to learn it in the diaspora with a bit of help from computers.

PRIMARY SKILLS: LISTENING AND SPEAKING.

Since this limited program focuses in reading and writing, both secondary skills to listening and speaking. We arranged to introduce them first, for this external resources will be used, in addition to our basic text based aids, such we'll keep minimal to avoid distraction from the development of those primary skills.

We include links to You-Tube videos with pronunciation of songs, and short dialog, also printable sheets with minimal, to avoid distraction, help. For this we'll use Hatikvah. The Israel national anthem, and Disney movies sing-along songs. This should suffice for the drilling in mind of the sound-letter relation, and introduce a bit to verbs, nouns and declension, due to been this a more natural way to learn a language. This material is not meant towards children, you are free to use it with your children if you approve of course, but it's real purpose is to make it easy, accessible and engaging. Please don't be ashamed; as a grown up this should take you a short time.

Learn every word directly, as you hear or pronounce it imagine the being, thing, feeling or action meant, don't think at first about spelling or the translated equivalent in your first language: Learn it directly, just like children learn their first language.

Here are the links to the printable material, and the video-sound. Fold the printable material as shown. For this primary skills use the hidden text just to learn every word meaning, later as help for reading, but not yet, soon you won't need to look the sheet of paper, learning direct is best. So download this program, and follow this links:

If your internet is slow, seek back to the start as you need, make it loop, download or record the sound, so you can listen to it and see the printed material enough times to get to learn it.

START

We hope this program will be helpful in learning Hebrew, since it doesn't have a true method, we recommend to use it along with another organized and systematic learning program like FoundationStone, DuoLingo or Hebrew101 that we recommend to follow.

We believe the strengths of this program are for very beginners learning the Hebrew alphabet, the Israeli keyboard, and for intermediate level our most advanced and demanding feature the Coincide many words game. So the suggested plan is: Use this program to learn the Hebrew alphabet; get to Foundation Stone, DuoLingo, HebrewPod101 to learn more, and when you are at intermediate level, come back to this program to also increase and challenge your vocabulary with the coincide many words game such finally can process typing, while still using those organized methods. You don't need this program to learn the Israeli keyboard or any foreign language keyboard for that matter, see the General trick for learning any keyboard.

FULL SCREEN MODE

If you run this program under Windows 95 or previous versions this will make a difference. In Windows XP, 98, 95 and DOS is very important to set FULL SCREEN mode BEFORE selecting the font. If you are running Lists.EXE inside DosBox simulator please disregard the message about Full Screen. You can still get to full screen in DosBox by pressing +, if you wish, but is not a requirement.

The program asks for you to select one of four fonts, this won't change the text whatsoever, just the way you see Hebrew in screen.

To select FULL SCREEN MODE: Right Click on top of the Text Window. Choose PROPERTIES, There DISPLAY. And FULL SCREEN, press OK and Apply properties to current window only:

Right click in the upper section of the D.O.S. Text Window and select PROPERTIES

Right click on top & Properties

In the OPTIONS tab go to the DISPLAY section and choose FULL SCREEN.

Options & Display & FULL SCREEN

Chose Apply properties to current window only ratio button and press OK again.

DOSBOX

WINDOWS 7© and newer, MAC©, Linux©, Unix© and other systems: It is still possible to run this 8 bit application. You may want to download also DOSBox from its official site.

Inside the DosBox© window You'll need to MOUNT the directory where YOU HAVE EXTRACTED the ZIP file. For instance C:\Lists. Just need to write:

Mount C: C:\ListsC:Lists.

In DosBox press + to capture or release the mouse. You can also get the mouse arrow out by pressing the © key**. + will get into or exit Full Screen mode, please press the RIGHT key for keyboard combinations, the LEFT key seems to be captured before the program running inside the simulator gets it. This program does not include sound.

To exit press or +.

**Windows© is property of Microsoft.
Mac© is property of Macintosh.
DOSBox© is property of it's Development Team.

FONTS MENU

This is the font menu, the first thing this program will show.

Again if you are using DOSBox simulator disregard the full screen message.

ERROR

In order for the Text Editor, Games and Word List to work two files are required: Lists.EXE and HEBREW.MIL. If there is only Lists.EXE then an error message is shown because the data bank file is missing.

The first time it runs upon not finding the .IDX files the program will create them from the data bank HEBREW.MIL. Sorted alphabetical by Hebrew, English and Spanish: HEBREW.IDX, ENGLISH.IDX and SPANISH.IDX respectively.

However we provide another download ZIP file containing the index files already, in order to save time. But the *.IDX files are not absolutely necessary since they are created from the data bank HEBREW.MIL.

INITIAL INDEX CREATION

Loading and saving display advance bars, sorting reports a few in screen too. You see this when you sort the index files; to do so is only required if you added or modified several words and want them to be found when searched for, no need to do it for every word. Preferably add and modify all you want, when you are done adding words then sort the data bank and indexes.

LESSONS

In order to improve this program usefulness for learning there is a LESSONS menu as start. Lessons 1 through 5 are divided in two parts: Learn and Test.

In learn mode, the correct match will be shown, and the mouse won't work. If you prefer you may use the flashcards or PRIMARY SKILLS material provided instead, and then test that knowledge on Lessons 1 through 6 in Test mode. It could be said the Stare game is the Learning mode for the coinciding and spelling games. However you know how you learn the most effective way yourself, and can use them as challenging and aiding your memorizing of new vocabulary.

By pressing in this Lessons menu you can exit to the Text Editor. Press again to get to the Main Menu from there.

Lessons 1 through 5

You can also learn this using the flashcards or the PRIMARY SKILLS material provided, please see the PRIMARY SKILLS section. Transliteration can be turned off in the Transliteration Menu

Lessons 1 to 5 have a Learning Mode.

Mouse won't work in Learn Mode. If you wish you can have the letters exit the list as you learn them.

In test mode in addition to the keyboard the mouse will work, English and Hebrew will be shuffled, duplicates will be reduced. The bouncing letters in the background available to drop or drag are a bit of encouragement, and give a sense of hurry. Time, correct and incorrect answers will be counted.

Using or move to the Hebrew or English rows and select equivalent letters by moving or then press or , if your selection is correct they will slide to the middle and get out from the list. You can also use the mouse to drag and drop, or click instead of pressing or . If the letters don't fit in the screen and you want to hasten your movement, hold while pressing or or dragging a letter with the mouse to skip the scrolling.

Lesson 6 Transliterate select words

Lesson 7 Stare selected words

Lesson 8 Coincide selected words

After seeing the selected words, you can now match them. Using or move to the Hebrew or English rows, and select equivalent words by moving or in both languages then press or If the equivalent is correct, they will slide towards the middle and get out from the list.

You can also use a mouse click instead of pressing or . If you want to hasten your movement, hold while pressing or just like in Lessons 1 to 5 or the Coinciding Letters Game.

Lesson 9 Spell selected words

Lesson 10 Coincide many words

The Coincide many words game displays shuffled lists of words in different languages for you to match. In Lesson 10 we do this with the selected words. Move between both lists with or , the double line frame shows where you are. Then seek for equivalents with or . When you find equivalent words press then or .

When you get to a more advanced level and choose to have coincidences in the 60s, 70s, or even 100 you may want to learn also the Israeli Keyboard so you can start typing the word you remember to hasten your search for a translation: As you start to write, you will be taken to the closest match, the matching letters will highlight, and you can press or to get to the next compliant word, your search will be significantly faster, while helping you on keyboard practice. Pressing will delete the last letter to search. Pressing will clear the search. Moving to the other language list will clear the search too. When the cursor is in the English words the keyboard will be an American, Latin, French. DVORAK as you set, when you are in the Hebrew words the keyboard will be an Israeli keyboard. While having a search if or advance only one row and won't take you to the next compliant word this means there are no more compliant words up or down from where you are in the list.

Scores:

MAIN MENU

Lessons

Text Editor

A simple text editor that can also write Hebrew. Press to change between typing English and Hebrew or Western and Israeli keyboards.

Games

Word List

Thousands of words in Hebrew English and Spanish just a + or [Right Click] away from the Text Editor.

Exit

Exit, same as +

TEXT EDITOR

FUNCTION KEYS

Will let you draw lines following the cursor movement. Old text editors did it, not practical use for it, the Flip selection option in the Selected Text menu in the Text Editor Menu flips this lines. A menu will let you select the kind of lines, see .

Inserts a row in the text.

Deletes a row in the text.

Sets the left-top corner of a selection in the text at the cursor location.

Sets the right-bottom corner of a selection in the text at the cursor location.

Makes a border on the selection in the text. Prompts a menu to choose different borders like simple or double vertical and or horizontal lines, like the line drawing option, see .

Will copy at the cursor location the whole selection rectangle defined by -. Will copy from cursor to the left if typing Hebrew, or to the right if typing English, see .

Will flip between typing English and Hebrew or using an American and Israeli keyboard. This is the view of it when writing Hebrew or English

+ Changes the display of the lower help when set to keyboard: Will display English letters, Hebrew letters, none or both. Also changes the scrolling speed when the upper or lower help is a vocabulary.

+ Displays information and encoding of the text file.

Will get you to the Text Editor Menu.

+ Will get you to the Text Editor Menu with special options. The Data Bank option, Load from and Save to Encoding options. See Data Bank. See Encoding.

+ Will "paint" a block of selected text, like - do. Holding and moving the mouse does as well.

+ Will copy to the clipboard a selection if this consists of a single line in the text.

+ Will copy to the clipboard and cut a selection if this consists of a single line in the text.

+ Will paste the clipboard into the text.

+ Will find something in the text document. Be sure to have set English or Hebrew before this in order to type what you want to search for.

+ Will find and replace.

+ Will find again.

+ Will search in the word lists the word that has the cursor in the text document. In DOSBox please use the Right Control Key, the Left one is captured before the program in the simulator gets it.

Note here you can make a partial selection of the word, with - or + since Hebrew agglutinates words. For instance ה Ha which is the article THE, or ו Vav generally meaning AND or BUT; כ Kaf which may mean LIKE; ב Bet which may mean IN or WITH. You may want to leave them out of the search.

Also in declination of verbs, once you understand this you will be able to separate a VERBAL ROOT, to search for it the word list. In Spanish you may leave out the gender or number sensitive ending of nouns. In English you may do so with the number sensitive ending of nouns.

TEXT EDITOR MENU

1 Language

2 Preferences

3 and 4 Upper & Lower help

5 Selected Text: Select text in the text editor pressing + or -. We can do several things with it. You can also get to this menu by mouse right click while over a space in a selected text block in the Text Editor.

6 Load Text: Set a filter like *.TXT and chose a file to load. For instance README.TXT that comes with the program.

7 Save Text: Will save a file on disk. You may type the name. Generally text files have a .TXT extension. You can only use 8 characters for the name, since we are inside a MSDOS simulator. To access your text from other programs, you can import the text files from the encoding ISO-8859-8 which has Hebrew in the same ASCII values this program uses, or the standard WINDOWS 1255 is partly supported, this Text Editor can't process dots, nikkudot.

Note that any text document is saved in the same encoding it was loaded. You can find this in the text information. See in the text editor. This program can load and save to different other Encoding. To do so get to the Text Editor Menu by pressing instead of will have the additional options: Load from Encoding, and Save to Encoding.

An Utf-8 text file:

ENCODING

GAMES

1 COINCIDE LETTERS

Transliteration can be turned off in the Transliteration Menu

The Coincide Letters game has a Menu:

1.1 Letters: א ב ג ד ה ו Will coincide the first six letters of the Hebrew Aleph-Bet. א Aleph is actually silent, a bit of a guttural stop, so it transliterates to '. ב Beth sounds like V or B we assume is a V here. ג Gimel sounds like G, ה He very much like English H, at end of words is slightly inspired. ו Vav as a consonant is a V, sometimes could be vowel U or O, now we assume is a V; for this reason the V letter will only leave the list of letters to match when both ב and ו are coincided.

1.2 Letters: ז ח ט י כ ל They kind of sound: ז Zain like Z. ח Chet like CH. ט Tet, like T. י Yud like Y, sometimes is vowel I. כ Chaf, like KH, like K when it has a dagesh. ל Lamed like L.

1.3 Letters: מ נ ס ע פ צ This: מ Mem like M. נ Nun like N. ס Samech like S. ע Ayin is silent, a bit of more of a guttural stop than Aleph, we transliterate it as a ". פ Fe like F, when it has a dagesh פּ sounds like P. צ Tzadi like Tz.

1.4 Letters: ק ר ש ת ך ם ן ף ץ ב ג ד Finals and Dagesh: ק Khof like K. ר Reish like R. ש Shin like SH or S; when it's unknown if is a SH or a S we transliterate it like Sh. And ת Tav like T. 5 of the 22 Hebrew letters look different when they are at the end of a word IE ך=כ=CH ם=מ=M ן=נ=N ף=פ=F. ץ=צ=TZ. Bet בּ with dagesh is B. כּ CHaf with dagesh is K. Fe פּ with dagesh is P.

1.5 The dots: The Nikkudot. Hebrew has 15 vowel sounds, they can still be transliterated as A, E, I, O, U, or EI, there is a difference in the pronunciation for long and short vowels. Hebrew has generally the stress in the last syllable

1.6 Number of letters to coincide: Will coincide as many letters as the number of coincidences or difficulty is set in the Games Configuration Menu.

1.7 Random or alphabetic order [*]: If you know the equivalences set this to make the matching interesting.

We recommend to pay more attention to native pronunciation than transliteration, since it is just an aid in the learning process, in fact only at the start of the learning process, once you can pronounce Hebrew by seeing the Hebrew letters and points you don't need transliteration anymore, you left behind this part of learning. And don't get used to the nikud or dots, they are not there in everyday written Hebrew.

Note the guttural stops א Aleph and ע Ayin are less noticeable than in the Arabic language, some make them unnoticeable or even possibly don't pronounce them at all.

Using or move to the Hebrew or English rows and select equivalent letters by moving with or then press or , if your selection is correct they will slide to the middle and get out from the list. You can also use the mouse to drag and drop, or click instead. If you want to hasten your movement, hold while pressing or or dragging a letter with the mouse to skip the scrolling.

2 TRANSLITERATION

3 STARE ONLY

Press or to see the previous or next word. The select words can be selected by: Selection criteria, Block, or Vocabulary. See: Games>Configuration>Selection, Word List>Selection, and Text Editor>Selected Text>Find and Select. This selection affects all games. will exit.

4 COINCIDE WORDS

5 SPELLING

6 COINCIDE MANY WORDS

7 SCORE

8 SELECTION,DIFFICULTY,LANGUAGES,COLORS

8.6 Background: Select something. If you want to cancel the background simply select again what is already selected, it will be canceled. This colors and settings can be saved to disk. See 2.11: Text Editor Menu>Preferences>Save Preferences

WORD LIST

From the Text Editor press to go the Text Editor Menu then select Word List with , and , or just number since it will be the ninth option in that menu. You can also press to get out of the Text Editor, back to the Main Menu, and there select Word List with and or number .

From the Text Editor press + with the cursor over a word you wish searched for in the word list, or the right button of the mouse over it as well. In DOSBox make sure to use the right key.

For some searches it may be useful to select part of a word, do it with the block selection: and or + or , or the mouse. For instance this happens in Hebrew with Ha which is the article THE, or Vav that generally means AND or But; Kaf which may mean LIKE; Bet which may mean IN or WITH, also in the declination of verbs, once you understand this you will be able to separate a VERBAL ROOT, to search for it in a dictionary. In Spanish you may discard the gender or number sensitive ending of nouns. In English you may discard the number sensitive ending of nouns.

This is the Keyboard in the Word List:

Will search words in Hebrew, you can help yourself with the Keys that appear in the lower row of the screen, is equal to [CLICK] on them to type them.

+ Will modify the word in Hebrew.

Changes the view of the word list: Big Letters to see the Nikud and Transliteration, or List to see the class and more words.

Brings the Selections Menu. Here is set how the Word List is sorted. See Word List Selections Menu

Brings up the Word List Menu

Remember: Here, as well as in the text editor, you can always [Click] the Keyboard Layout help at the bottom of the screen to type a letter. Also pressing + will take you there to do it with or and . In the Search Window just is enough to take you to the bottom row. Please don't get used to this, is meant as help at the very start only. You should learn to actually type. See: Practice typing.

4.1 Word List Menu

5 Selection Menu. Get to this menu by pressing as well. The first Languages options will display the word list sorted by the language selected, it will take you to similar words in the language you choose there.

To edit the Word List: Press + to add a new empty record at the end of the word list. Press + to Edit the Hebrew word. + will edit the English word, and + will edit the Spanish word. If the record is empty won't need . You may also hold while you on a word to modify it.

You may also use the Nikud in the numbers, just type the key. See Israeli Keyboard,

Will save the changes of the Hebrew word in memory. If you have done the needed changes in the translations and classifications press AGAIN to RECORD the changes to disk a "RECORDED" message will be displayed.

6 TRANSLITERATION MENU

DATABANK.

If you ever add or modify words in the list, it can be sorted and the index files re-done. To get here press + from the Text Editor, It will have instead of the Word List, the Data Bank option:

That's all. We hope this is helpful.

5 Exit. Will check once if you really want to quit the program.

REGISTERED TRADEMARKS AND COPYRIGHT

• ISO 8859-8 Is property of International Standard Organization.
• UTF-8 UTF-16 UCS-2 they Are property of UNICODE Consortium.
• IBM EBCDIC Is property of International Business Machines.
• M.S. D.O.S., Windows: Are property of Microsoft.
• Mac: Is property of Apple Macintosh.
• Borland Pascal 7 Is property of Borland International, or Borland Software.
• DOSBox belongs to the DOSBox Team, published under GNY GPL.
• The song Jerusalem of Gold belongs to Naomi Shemer.
• The song Lecha Dodi belongs to the Ravy Solomon HaLevy Elcabets
• The Star of the index page belongs to the Jewish National Fund.
• The picture of the girl with dessert and cherries belongs to Catherine Cambier.
• The photos from "Judaism and J.C. don't Mix" belong to the developers of FoundationStone.Com.Au.

DISLAIMER

The program is provided as is. It's adequacy for a particular purpose is not guaranteed. Copying is allowed as long it's not modified. It's free and should not be sold.